Computer Fundamentals DCA Notes in Hindi New 2018

1DCA1- SEMESTER-I

COMPUTERS FUNDAMENTALS

UNIT - I

Brief History of Development Of Computers,Computer System Concepts, Computer System Characteristics, Basic Components of a computer system – Control unit , ALU, Input/Output, Semiconducter Memory Functions and Characteristics ,Memory- RAM, ROM , EPROM, PROM and Other Types Of Memory,Capabilities and Limitations, Generations of computers,Analog & Digital & Hybrid Computers,Genral and Specail Purpose Computers,Types Of Computers-Micro,Mini,Mainframe and Supercomputers,Charateristics and area of Uses.

Personal Computer(PCs-Evolution of PCs,Configurations Of PCs,Pentium and Newer PCs Specfication and Main Characteristics,Types of PCs-Desktop,Laptop,Notebook,Palmtop,PDA etc.

UNIT-II

Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, Trackball, Joystick, Scanners, Digitizing tablet, Digital Camera, MICR, OCR, OMR, Light pen, Barcode & Barcode Reader, Quick Response Code (QR Code), Voice Recognition, Touch Screen. Output Devices: Monitors- Characteristics and type of monitor, Size, Digital, Analog, Resolution, Refresh Rate, Interlaced/Non –Interlaced , Dot Pitch , Video Standard- VGA, SVGA, XGA etc. Printers and its Types Impact and Non –Impact printer, Dot Matrix, Inkjet, Laser, Plotter, 3D Printers, Sound Card and Speakers

UNIT-III

Storage Fundamentals-Primary Vs Secondary Data Storage and Retrieval Method -Sequential ,Direct and Index Sequetial , Various Storage Devices- Magnetic Disks, Hard Disk Drives, Floppy, Disks, Zip Drive, Optical Disks, CD, VCD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-RW, Blue Ray Disc, flash drives SD/MMC Memory cards, Solid Drive (SSD).Physical Structure Of Floppy & Hard Disk Drive,Drive Naming Conventions in PC.

UNIT – IV

Software and Its Need, Types of Software – System Software, Application Software, System Software-Operating System –definition & function, Device Drivers & Utility Programs, Introduction & Features of DOS, Windows. Programming Languages- Machine, Assembly, High Level,4GL their Merits and Demerits, Uses of Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreter. Application Software and its Types- Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation Graphics, Data Base Management , Desktop Publishing , communication , Educational, Graphics & Multimedia, Business Accounting , MIS, Gaming and ERP Software etc. Computer coding system – ASCII , ISCII, and Unicode, Number system of computer Binary, Octal Decimal, Hexadecimal their Conversion.

UNIT-V

Use of communication and IT , communication Process, Component of communication- sender,receiver transmission medium & protocol, communication type –Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex. Communication Channels- Twisted , Coaxial, Fiber Optic, Modem –Working and characteristics. Types of network –client/server and peer –to peer networks, Types of connections-Dialup, Leased Lines, ISDN, DSL, RF, Broad band uses , advantages & disadvantages.

Syllabus According Questions

UNIT I –

कंप्यूटर का विकास तथा इतिहास (Brief history of development of computers) कंप्यूटर की अवधारणा (Computer System Concepts) कंप्यूटर के लाभ (Advantage of Computer) कंप्यूटर के तत्व (Components of a computer system) – Control unit, ALU, Input / Output, Memory Mother Board सेमीकंडक्टर मेमोरी क्या हैं? (semiconductor Memory functions and characteristics) मेमोरी क्या हैं और मेमोरी के प्रकार (Memory – RAM, ROM, EPROM, PROM and other types of memory, Capabilities and limitations) कंप्यूटर की पीढियां (Generations of computers) कंप्यूटर के प्रकार (Types of computers) – Analog& Digital & Hybrid Computers, General & Special Purpose computers, -Micro,Mini, Main frame and Super computers, Characteristics and area of Uses. Personal Computer (PCs-evolution of PCs, configurations of PCs, Pentium and Newer, PCs specifications and main characteristics, Types of PCs- Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Palmtop, PDA etc.

UNIT II –

इनपुट डिवाइस (Input Devices): Keyboard, Mouse, Trackball, Joystick, Scanners, Digitizing tablet, Digital Camera, MICR, OCR, OMR, Light pen, Barcode & Barcode Reader, Quick Response Code (QR Code), Voice Recognition, Touch Screen. आउटपुट डिवाइस (Output Devices)- मॉनिटर (Monitors)- Characteristics and types of monitor, Size, Digital, Analog, Resolution, Refresh Rate, Interlaced/Non-Interlaced, Dot Pitch विडियो मानक (Video Standard)- VGA, SVGA, XGA etc. प्रिंटर और उसके प्रकार (Printers and its Types) Impact and Non-Impact printer, Dot Matrix, Inkjet, Laser प्लॉटर (Plotter) 3D प्रिंटर (3D Printers) साउंड कार्ड और स्पीकर (Sound Card and Speakers)

UNIT III –

Storage Fundamentals – प्राइमरी और सेकेंडरी मेमोरी में अंतर (Primary Vs Secondary Memory) डाटा एक्सेस करने की विधियाँ (Data Storage and Retrieval Methods- Sequential, Direct and Index Sequential) स्टोरेज डिवाइस (Various Storage Devices) – Magnetic Disks, Hard Disk Drives, Floppy Disk, Zip DriveOptical Disks, CD, VCD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD,DVD-RW,Video Disk, Blue Ray Disc, flashiness/ MMC Memory cards, Solid-Stat Drive (SSD), हार्ड डिस्क का फिजिकल स्ट्रक्चर (Physical structure of hard disk) फ्लॉपी डिस्क का फिजिकल स्ट्रक्चर (Physical structure of Floppy Disk) कंप्यूटर ड्राइव का नामांकरण (drive naming conventions in PC)

UNIT IV –

सॉफ्टवेयर क्या हैं और उसकी आवश्यकता (Software and Its Need) सॉफ्टवेयर के प्रकार (Types of Software) – सिस्टम सॉफ्टवेयर (System Software) एप्लीकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर (Application Software) यूटिलिटी सॉफ्टवेयर (Utility Software) डॉस क्या हैं इसकी विशेषताएं (Introduction & Features of DOS) विंडोज का परिचय (introduction to Windows) प्रोग्रामिंग लैंग्वेज (Programming Languages) Machine, Assembly, High Level, 4GL, their Merits and Demerits कम्पाइलर, इंटर प्रिटर और असेम्बलर (Uses of Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreter) Application Software and its Types- Word Processing Spreadsheet Presentation Graphics Data Base Management Desktop Publishing communication Educational Graphics & Multimedia Business Accounting MIS, Gaming and ERP Software etc. कंप्यूटर कोडिंग सिस्टम (Computer coding system)-ASCII, ISCH and Unicode नंबर सिस्टम (Number system of computer) Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal बाइनरी को डेसीमल में कैसे बदले (How to Change Binary to Decimal) हेक्साडेसीमल को डेसीमल में कैसे बदले (How to Change Hexadecimal to Decimal)

UNIT V

कम्युनिकेशन का उपयोग (Use of communication and IT Communication Process) कम्युनिकेशन के तत्व (Component of communication)- sender, receiver, transmission medium & protocol कम्युनिकेशन के प्रकार (Communication types)- Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex. कम्युनिकेशन केबल (Communication Channels)- Twisted, Coaxial, Fiber Optic, Modem-Working and characteristics. क्लाइंट सर्वर आर्किटेक्चर (client/ server and peer-to-peer networks) कनेक्शन के प्रकार (Types of connections)- Dial up, Leased Lines, ISDN, DSL, RF, Broad band uses, advantages & disadvantages. नेटवर्क के प्रकार (Types or Network)- LAN, WAN , MAN वीपीएन क्या हैं (What is VPN) टोपोलॉजी (Topologies of LAN) – Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh and Tree topologies structure, uses, advantage & disadvantages लेन के तत्व (components of LAN)- Media, NIC, NOS नेटवर्क डिवाइस (Network devices) – Bridges, HUB, Routers, Repeater, Gateways uses, advantages & disadvantages.

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